Should i overclock my graphics card

Should i overclock my graphics card. This reduces heat load and can even increase performance by allowing the card to reach higher performance states before thermal throttling. You’ll find the OC Scanner settings have been saved in the upper right-hand dropdown as its own mode. As mentioned before, remember to stress-test to confirm the stability of your GPU overclock. Finally, click the Apply button to save the changes. 5GB. Generally, though, overclocking should work fine. Q2. So should I keep the overclocked settings or I should Feb 16, 2024 · XFX Speedster SWFT319 Radeon RX 6800 Core Gaming Graphics Card – Save 13% NOW! Sapphire Pulse AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX – Save $360 now! Sapphire Nitro+ AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX Vapor-X Gaming Graphics Card – Save $380 now! ASUS TUF Gaming GeForce RTX 4080 OC Edition Graphics Card – Save $175 NOW! MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 3060 Ti – Save $115 NOW Apr 7, 2012 · It makes it possible to push the GPU to the max in order to test the stability of the graphics card (and the PSU too!) leading to maximum GPU and VRM temperatures. In overclocking, we consciously push the graphics card beyond its factory-set clock speeds. Overclocking your GPU is a right, and those who bother learning about graphics card overclocking can stretch their GPUs farther than it has ever performed. Graphics cards are probably the most popular component to overclock simply because they’re very easy to overclock now with the help of 3rd party software you can easily access online (we’ll cover this in detail below). As with the CPU and RAM, the GPU and VRAM have their own clock speeds, which determine how quickly they can perform operations . Your part might not overclock at all or you might get lucky and win the silicon lottery. Mar 3, 2023 · I have personally been using Pi calculations to both benchmark and stress test my CPU and GPUs for well over 20 years. While this is all great, you do Overclocking is not the only potential cause though. By Aleksandar Cosic February 17, 2024. Actual damage to a graphics card can absolutely be the root cause of artifacting. When it comes to the process of overclocking your GPU there are some pros as well as some cons to be considered. Jan 30, 2017 · Gamers or enthusiasts that want their hardware to run as fast as possible may still want to overclock. Even when I'm using 100% of my card's power playing the latest game. But if you followed our instructions correctly, you'll know it's a safe procedure for the most part. Our newest driver includes a ton of new game and experience-enhancing features, as well as support for Fortnite ray tracing and DLSS, and should be the first thing you download after installing your shiny new GeForce RTX 30 Series graphics card. GPU . Cause #2: GPU Damage. Game Ready Drivers bring new features, game optimizations, and more, directly to your GeForce PC. Aug 14, 2023 · The best way to expand your VRAM is to purchase a new GPU, but video cards are expensive. Jan 29, 2024 · This tool will allow you to customize the RGB lighting on the graphics card. An integrated graphics card is more of a graphics adaptor than a graphics card. Regardless, here are a few tips to keep in mind while overclocking: It’s a good idea to keep track of the frame rates (both average and min). Not speeds for tge majority of them. Apr 25, 2023 · Overclocking your graphics card can improve its performance by 5% to as much as 15% (or more), depending on the particular card model. But after overclocking I saw that I got good performance. Apr 27, 2023 · Can I overclock every graphics card? Can I overclock my laptop? You should be able to overclock most GPUs. Learn to overclock, ask experienced users your questions, boast your rock-stable, sky-high OC and help others! Apr 15, 2024 · Let the OC Scanner do its thing (it took about a half hour on my rig), and when you come back, you’ll have an overclocked graphics card. If you are using an NVIDIA graphic card, we suggest using NiceHash QuickMiner. If your system struggles, lower your overclock by 10 or 20 MHz, then test again. Oct 3, 2023 · At $579 the AMD Radeon RX 6800 graphics card is the lowest priced Big Navi card on the market today. Then start bringing down the power limit till your overclock becomes unstable, (the gpu will clock down), then do the same with fan speed till your GPU doesn't regularly go over 80 celcius. They enable you to process and render 3D graphics while taking the load off of the CPU. That’s why FurMark is often used by overclockers and graphics cards fanatics to validate an overclocking, to test a new VGA cooler or to check the max power consumption of a video Jan 12, 2021 · You can overclock three components on your PC: CPU, GPU, and RAM. Additionally, the TUF is a little bit cheaper than the other cards and it looks suspiciously similar to the STRIX. All GPUs are set to run at a certain speed, called the base clock, but different cards usually have the potential to surpass the speed set by the manufacturer. May 9, 2023 · 4. However, there is also a reset button that can help you out if you mess up or forget the values you have changed. When paired with an NVIDIA Turing graphics card, the new EVGA Precision X1ᐪᔿ will unleash its full potential with a built in overclock scanner, adjustable frequency curve and RGB LED control. To do this, you're going to want to run a GPU benchmark like 3DMark Time Spy and see what score you get, how hot the May 8, 2019 · On average, even a stock Nvidia graphics card can net about 10-15% extra performance with a bit of help on the voltage side of things, and of course if you have sufficient cooling for it. Only qualified technically advanced users should attempt any overclocking procedures. For more info, check out our tutorials on overclocking, and how to overclock your GPU or Intel CPU. Good to know: having issues with your We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. I have a zotac 3090 Amp Core Holo and it regularly beats tge strix cards in PC and our of box perfomace by Jul 18, 2024 · To achieve higher performance, we often overclock our GPUs, balancing the act between higher clock speeds and system stability. Overclocking might cause damage and can void your warranty. How to overclock a GPU Fortunately, you don’t need to dive into your PC’s BIOS/UEFI for GPU overclocking; all you really need is a lovely bit of desktop software called MSI Afterburner. On the other hand, liquid-cooled (LC) GPUs are considerably more complicated, especially if you have a custom cooling loop. The easiest way to optimize your game’s settings for your computer is to use the official apps from your Graphics Processing Unit (GPU – also called a graphics or video card) manufacturer. Of course, as with any overclocking, care should be taken Nov 6, 2023 · Yes, overclocking modern graphics cards is entirely safe and carries minimal risk when done properly using these guidelines: Increase core and memory clocks incrementally in small steps. Jan 18, 2021 · Is it worth overclocking GTX 1060 6GB? I got a new case with MUCH better cooling and a new PSU with more power than before. Undervolt GPU - Reduces voltage and maintains clock speeds to improve performance/watt. Advantages of overclocking your GPU. I had not overclocked my GPU. We've had a number of people ask how it overclocks and that is something we didn't touch on in the launch article. All this has been achieved in 2 hours, so there’s more performance to be gained from it, but I wanted to produce a guide that would enable anyone to overclock their card and, above all, to see the concrete effects! Introducing EVGA Precision X1ᐪᔿ. Essentially, every GPU has a base clock speed that the inner workings move at. How Overclocking Works. Nov 4, 2021 · Tips for Overclocking Graphics Cards. It is important to note that not all processors can be overclocked, and you’ll want to make sure your motherboard is up to the task as well. im ordering some heatsink and thermal pads and see if it lower down the temp. Feb 5, 2023 · The graphics card, also known as the GPU, is arguably one of the most exciting components in any PC build. Strix cards are a waste of money now. Dec 22, 2021 · Forget about overclocking. Jan 12, 2018 · For example, my card, an NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970, has a rather famous memory issue that makes the last half-gig of video RAM perform much poorer than the other 3. Jan 19, 2022 · A guide to overclocking your AMD or Nvidia graphics card, covering both GPU core and VRAM overclocks. Assume you have 8 GB of RAM. Once you know the peak frequency for both, set the GPU and memory to Dec 20, 2022 · You don't need an MSI graphics card to use MSI Afterburner - it will work with any dedicated GPU. Read full article ️ https://www. For this reason, GPUPi is a core part of our graphics card stress-testing process. Jul 21, 2020 · If you're willing to tinker a bit, you can push your graphics card a bit farther than its out-of-the-box specs by overclocking it. Jan 15, 2021 · Below you can find a table with the most common and profitable graphic cards for mining. Whether it’s physical damage or wear and tear after years of playing games on their max settings, the slightest problem with the GPU can cause these issues as well. Gamers stand to gain the most immediate benefits: enhanced frame rates and smoother gameplay, particularly in graphically demanding games. You would gain more FPS from GPU memory overclocking, and overclocking the GPU memory only results in about 10W more heat maybe max. Though you might see some compatibility issues, especially with laptop GPUs and Intel’s HD graphics processor. 9k for it might as well make some money back when i dont use it. We have gathered all the overclock settings for each GPU in one place. To be fair though, I only tested my memory OC in Unigine Heaven, which might not benefit from a memory overclock. Sep 29, 2020 · Still, for an older PC, where your choice is to either overclock or get something new you can't afford, overclocking is sort of a built-in upgrade, and it might be the best choice. But overclocking has its limits, and if you don't do it right, you can damage the hardware. That doesn't really affect my efforts to overclock the GPU itself, so I'll go ahead and proceed. Feb 2, 2023 · As mentioned above, if you are using an RX 580 graphics card but you need something that offers better graphics performance, especially while you are gaming or building your own content, then you need to speed up the frequency rate per cycle. Jun 10, 2021 · Here’s how to automatically overclock your GeForce graphics card with Nvidia’s performance tuning feature. Q3. For Intel CPUs, you Overclocking your CPU is a great way to extract even more performance from your hardware. There is no one rule in how fast you can speed up a Jun 9, 2022 · The main benefit of overclocking is obvious and infamous: increased performance. although I install the latest driver I don’t get optimal performance either it crashes or BSOD. Dec 8, 2021 · Safe overclocks for RTX 3050? - Graphics Cards - Linus Tech Tips Jan 14, 2021 · While each card will have different overall core offsets and temperatures, the principles of overclocking an NVIDIA RTX 3060 Ti covered here will be the same for all RTX 3060 Ti graphics cards. Use GPU stress testing tools like FurMark to monitor for stability issues. Overclocking your GPU is a slow and painstaking process. For the $100+ range Mar 21, 2023 · Similarly, overclocking your graphics card is a nifty trick to extract additional performance without making hardware changes. It is essentially a smaller-scale computer with its own processor and RAM (here named VRAM ). It now runs much, much cooler and much quieter as a result. Download an Overclocking Software. Design efficiency describes how much work a Mar 20, 2018 · Essentially, overclocking a GPU increases its performance by boosting the speed that the graphical processor works at. Sep 27, 2023 · My choice fell on the ASUS TUF RTX 3060 V2 OC, which is actually not the absolute best out of those cards in terms of overclocking features, but I wanted to keep things a little bit interesting. My '370w' 3090 draws 11 watts at idle, but I've seen it shoot as high as 400 watts under specific workloads. In this guide, I will be covering NVIDIA Boost technology, overclocking the RTX 3080 in a manual configuration, and using the NVIDIA Auto OC Scanner for a hands-off approach. These intensive tests have a habit of showing up cracks up early allowing you to avoid investing time in longer tests for them to fail. Mar 10, 2023 · To safely overclock your GPU, increase the clock rate at increments of 10 MHz, and test your system for stability and performance after each adjustment. GPU Benchmarking, Monitoring, and Stress Testing Oct 5, 2020 · The software that comes with AMD graphics card drivers is a great way to tweak and enhance game performance, This will automatically overclock your GPU for the selected game (or globally Jan 7, 2023 · Overclocking may seem like a dangerous way to squeeze more juice out of your graphics card. Some of this does apply to other Ampere GPUs: 3070 (GA104) and possibly future renditions. In Graphics Card you can overclock both the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) and the Memory. Jan 18, 2024 · After launching MSI Afterburner, you will be greeted by a few options. Oct 15, 2022 · Compared to the reference card running stock clocks, a manual overclock on the Asus card improved overall performance by 9–13 percent in the individual games, and 10% on average. Since OC Scanner includes its own stress testing, your overclock should be quite stable. Some All things overclocking go here. Feb 27, 2012 · Overclocking a graphics card is a fairly straightforward process. my 3090 was at 100-106c when i overclock to mine, so i ordered the hybrid cooler and now its around 94-98c with 120mh. i got Agree, did weeks of oc to my RAM then a bit too ti my graphic card and gained 4% of performance 🥹 If interessed i have a i5 11400f paired with 2x8gb 3733 15-17-17-34 (ballistix 3600 16 18 18 38 iirc) and a 1050 ti Sep 21, 2021 · Graphics card overclocking guide ; What is overclocking. Don't get me wrong, they are very premium, but with tools like msi afterburner and nzxt cam, and Nvidia software, the only thing strix has over other cards is name. Overclocking may seem like a daunting prospect if you’re new to it, so we created this basic guide on how to safely overclock your graphics card. If you feel as if your graphics card just isn’t delivering enough power – and you don’t have the means to upgrade – overclocking is a great option to make the most of your current gaming PC – perhaps saving you from a whole new build. With a brand new layout, completely new codebase, new features and more, the new EVGA Precision X1ᐪᔿ software is faster, easier and better than ever. You do this by overclocking instead of by buying a new graphics card every time you want something faster. My card was designed with 4 days ago · 3DMark and Superposition are considered two of the most reliable GPU benchmarking tools out there. When shopping for a new GeForce RTX 4060 Family graphics card, the key differences to consider are: Factory Overclocks: GPUs run at a speed listed in MHz, generally referred to as a “clock speed”. With a bit of overclocking, you can turn a budget graphics card into a workhorse and a high-end graphics card into a truly incredible piece of machinery. Desktop processor performance is defined in two ways: design efficiency and clockspeed. Automatic Tuning: Default - Applies default profile settings. Your CPU is a big one, and you’ll definitely want to Sep 8, 2023 · Tip 1: Faster through overclocking. Apr 24, 2008 · The GPUs on graphics cards can also be speeded up, and so can their memory. Jun 28, 2023 · The Nvidia RTX 4060 marks the return to true mainstream pricing, starting at $299. We’re going to cover the basics of what overclocking is, how it works, and a few ways you can safely do it yourself. Jul 28, 2023 · Further reading: The best graphics cards 1: Faster through overclocking! If you want to overclock your PC’s graphics card, you’ll be confronted with many unanswered questions at the beginning. May 1, 2023 · Graphic cards are a powerful piece of hardware. With most gaming GPUs capable of overclocking you can see some real benefits in increased frames per second and greater texture resolutions. However, if your graphics card runs hot most of the time, expect a negative impact on its lifespan. Remove it from the packaging and push it into the PCIe slot. Users who want to overclock their PC’s graphics card are confronted with many unanswered questions at the beginning and should pay attention to a few basic Jul 29, 2024 · GPU (Graphics Card) All graphics cards can be overclocked. A new rumor implies that a small GPU shortage might be on the way, with some of Nvidia's best graphics cards Jan 26, 2012 · We have hand-picked three graphics cards that represent select price ranges to see just how much extra value can be obtained through overclocking. Some of that RAM will be allocated to the graphics card. Sep 15, 2023 · 1. Should I Watercool My GPU? Apr 30, 2024 · My RTX 4090 is a liquid-cooled AIO unit with a 360mm radiator. Not all card models are built the same, and a card like a 3070 FTW3 or ROG Strix will run an overclock better than a Founders Edition card or XC3, because the former cards are designed with overclocking in mind, with things like larger coolers and more robust power delivery systems that more basic cards don't have. You can browse from a variety of graphics cards and laptops to see which one fits your needs and budget right now in Feb 28, 2024 · Reseat your graphics card: If you know your way around the insides of your PC (or you want to learn) try taking out your graphics card and plugging it back in again. PNY’s VelocityX Overclocking Software allows you to monitor critical stats, like Core Clock, Memory Clock, Core Temperature, Fan Speed, Core Voltage, Power Usage, Core Usage, and Memory Usage in real time, generating invaluable intel that you can leverage to further fine-tune and customize your settings to master your system and take your gaming to the next level. Dec 4, 2021 · Overclocking typically involves the primary processor, though you can also overclock a discrete GPU for a boost in graphics processing. I also applied better thermal paster on my GPU. The process might seem complex, but the fundamentals of how to overclock are actually pretty straightforward. Cinebench 2024 is also a great option to consider if you want to test both the CPU and GPU for Apr 3, 2024 · If you’re looking for a simple guide to overclocking your RTX 4060, here are my recommendations with 3 levels of difficulty. You can overclock a lot of components. I got the temperature reading to be 92 C after 10 min of playing Watch Dogs. Feb 24, 2023 · Overclocking your graphics card is a process that should be approached with due care and time available, as it can be a lengthy process to find a stable and effective overclock. If you have a modern GPU, you should select ‘Quality‘ or ‘Balanced‘ instead. Hello . While OC cards are great, I enjoy finely tuning speeds myself. Overclocking your graphics card can offer several advantages, especially for users who engage in graphics-intensive tasks such as gaming, video editing, and 3D rendering. The free software helps you monitor the When you overclock you first max out your fan speed and power limit, (don't touch voltages yet), then find out what the highest stable overclock is. Nvidia GeForce May 18, 2024 · Learn about overclocking, cooling solutions, and settings optimization. May 13, 2024 · How to overclock your graphics card using MSI Afterburner Easily improve your graphics performance Overclocking is the process of pushing your GPU’s core and memory clocks past their default Oct 31, 2023 · Benefits of overclocking your graphics card. Nov 8, 2017 · Also, while I was tinkering with my overclocks on my dual 1080Ti's, I didn't notice any difference between stock memory speeds and overclocked memory speeds. Being a Sapphire graphics card, I'd assume that this is the case as most vendors will overclock the Why you should benchmark your GPU. For detailed instructions on updating graphics card drivers, refer to the FAQ: [Graphic Card] How to Update ASUS Graphics Card Drivers？ Jan 31, 2022 · How to overclock your CPU safely. Overclocking your GPU can help you gain extra processing power, but it also requires additional work that is potentially risky. You should pay close attention to the original position of the slider, as that will be the default value for your graphics card. First, though, here’s why you should be benchmarking your graphics card even if you aren’t trying to make it to the top of the competitive overclocking charts: Oct 29, 2023 · Here in this post, I am going to talk about Graphics Card Overclocking. Instead, there are a number of ways to tweak VRAM usage without spending a dime. Feb 17, 2024 · Should you overclock your GPU or graphics card? Is overclocking your GPU even worth it and is it easy to do? Here's the ultimate guide. Intel recommends operating Intel graphics frequencies inside the documented specifications. Download Feb 25, 2024 · Easy to install – installing a graphics card is pretty straightforward. Just with a one-touch of overclocking, you can make your ordinary budget cards into a worthy and high-class graphics card into a truly remarkable device. The GPUs of most laptops can be overclocked, but you’ll hit thermal limits. Nov 4, 2023 · Step-By-Step Guide to Overclocking your Graphics Card. Dec 4, 2021 · It's not a bad time to buy a GPU, but regardless of timing, you might need to act fast. com/subscribeShould I Overclock my CPU ️ Jun 12, 2021 · you should do the hybrid cooler upgrade, i used my 3090 to mine since i paid 2. Here are some of the key benefits of overclocking your graphics card: May 19, 2023 · You will see many squares corresponding to different points in this curve graph expressing the voltage & frequency curve of your GPU. Mar 25, 2022 · Overclocking your GPU can be a great way to save money and get every bit of power you need from your hardware. The process is easier than you think! Here is a step-by-step guide to overclock your Nvidia or AMD GPU for max gaming performance: 1. We explain its pros and cons. But is it worth the risk or is it worth it for the extra FPS? A place for everything NVIDIA, come talk about news, drivers, rumors, GPUs, the industry, show-off your build and more. At $1,600, it's out of the conversation for the vast majority of gamers. Apr 16, 2024 · Should I overclock my GPU? Overclocking your GPU can be a worthwhile endeavor, especially in scenarios where every bit of extra performance makes a difference. The proper method to overclock a graphics card is to manually increase the GPU's speed with a dedicated program like the ASUS GPU Tweak II. Reply reply. DISCLAIMER! WARNING! Overclock at your own risk. Sep 21, 2020 · Intel does not recommend overclocking Intel® graphics frequencies. These new driver versions often optimize performance for popular games in the market. Some might say undervolt the RX 570 and just OC the gpu memory. These apps will scan your computer for installed games and create an optimal settings profile for each game based on your computer’s gaming potential. Overclock GPU - Uses a predefined overclocking algorithm to improve GPU performance. Undervolting your graphics card is the new coolness. And since an affordable card only differs from more expensive ones in its clock speed, overclocking can be your key to Dec 28, 2023 · Before understanding overclocking, you should be aware of exactly how the graphics card functions. Mar 14, 2024 · Before starting to overclock, you need to establish how well your GPU performs. I overclocked my Gpu clock to 650 MHz and memory clock to 600 MHz. gamingscan. However, here are REAL-TIME MONITORING. So, for me personally, this is the least of my problems. You should also double-check Nov 17, 2023 · To ensure all GeForce RTX graphics card buyers receive excellent performance, GPUs are manufactured to ensure they all perform similarly. Undervolting is where you lower the voltage the card tries to use for a given operating range. How can I confirm that my graphics card supports GPU TWEAK III? A2: GPU TWEAK III is applicable to all graphic cards of NVIDIA / AMD . Nov 27, 2023 · That push to get ever more performance out of the best graphics cards is where overclocking comes in. You have now learned to overclock your graphics card manually using MSI Afterburner. Therefore, if you plan to keep your graphics card for several years, I highly recommend against overclocking it. [ Further reading: Best graphics cards for PC gaming ] How to use Nvidia performance Nov 10, 2020 · However, this also limits overclocking, yet we can still squeeze a bit more performance out of the graphics card. This Subreddit is community run and does not represent NVIDIA in any capacity unless specified. Update Graphics Card Drivers NVIDIA and AMD release driver updates periodically. Edited November 9, 2017 by Frankenburger Clarification Nov 18, 2023 · Dear Admin, Since I have bought a new graphics card there was an issue due to which my GPU keeps on crashing, I thought it might be a power supply so I bought a 500W PSU, soon later I changed my mobo, processor and ram. As we all know, the leading and prominent benefit of overclocking GPU is its increased performance. Feb 24, 2021 · Another way to work out safe overclock limits for your graphics card is to use OC Scanner (designed for Nvidia RTX 20 and 30 series graphics cards). For Nvidia GPUs, install the excellent MSI Afterburner utility. Oct 12, 2022 · Despite being easily the fastest graphics card you can buy right now, the RTX 4090 is a niche product. Here's how to overclock your GPU. Alongside the processor, your graphics card often has the greatest impact on the overall So I recently got an rx 580 msi gaming 4gb and I am wondering if I should overclock it is it worth it and what kind of performance increase would I get For my card, I kept it at a reasonable frequency (but still higher that the base clock advertised by Nvidia and EVGA), and just lowered mV until I reached stable performance. Different types of integrated graphics chips have different specs, but they all share one feature: they utilize the system’s RAM. However, even gamers will find that modern CPUs are so fast and games are so limited by graphics cards that overclocking doesn't work the magic it used to. Now I should have the power and cooling to OC my GTX 1060 6GB. The process of overclocking a graphics card is way different from a CPU because to overclock a graphics card you need some special tools. While it is somewhat easier, you also don’t usually see huge May 8, 2015 · Overclocking a graphics card is as easy as ticking a couple of boxes and moving a few sliders in the MSI Afterburner utility. When using NiceHash QuickMiner you can optimize your graphics cards straight from Rig Manager! Jul 27, 2023 · In the right pane, select the “Use my Preference emphasizing“ option and move the slider to “Performance”. Balancing specs and performance against price, this is a compelling near-budget graphics card option that works Feb 6, 2024 · If you’re a GPU overclocking rookie, we’re going to show you how to overclock your GPU with relative ease. But also, don’t forget to benchmark the graphics card and judge whether the overclock is worth keeping. Sep 26, 2015 · In my experience, overclocking the GPU clock yields higher performance gains with the tradeoff that there is usually a very limited amount of headroom to push the GPU clock, particularly if your graphics card already has a factory overclock. com/should-i-overclock-my-gpu/⭐️ Subscribe ️ https://www. Mar 20, 2024 · A1: When overclocking fails, resulting in black screen, please completely power off the computer and restart the computer, and it can restore the normal startup value before the overclocking failure. Most modern cards have excellent safety features in place to nullify the possibility of damaging your card through overclocking. All you need is a working and properly configured graphics card, and a few of your favorite games or a benchmark like Futuremark Apr 12, 2021 · First off, we'd like to mention that, should you stick within safe guidelines and keep your wits about you, overclocking your graphics card is a totally safe way to squeeze out a 10-25 percent performance boost. You need to understand which point corresponds closest to the stock voltage & frequency setting of your GPU, which we penned in the previous step. People love to get the most performance out of their card, and they often do so by overclocking it beyond its factory clock speed. Let’s explore how overclocking impacts stability and what measures we can take to manage it effectively. nkqtt elmk stz qvfial sujk hlbte jiupc eakayv kywir wsze